Sun, Shade, and Direction

Written By: Debby Hall | Issue: April 2025

Have you ever wondered why a plant does so well at your friend’s place and will not grow at yours?

Years ago, I learned from my pruner in Atlanta that there is such a thing as microclimates and that at that time, I had one in my very own backyard.

Fast forward to today and I am convinced I am living in one right now. When it rains down the hill from me, no rain at my place. Snow all around me? Nothing here. I find it fascinating but it also makes so much sense, especially living here in the mountains.

The mountain weather and microclimates create unique challenges as well as opportunities for gardeners. Our high elevations and varying terrain can significantly affect plant growth. I hope you find this as interesting as I did, I am calling it:

Microclimates 101

A microclimate is a localized climate that differs from the general area around it, often caused by topography, elevation, and other environmental factors. The diversity of microclimates in WNC means that the same mountain can have vastly different growing conditions on different sides. Here is how these can vary:

South-facing Slopes: These slopes receive more direct sunlight throughout the day, which leads to warmer temperatures. The extra sun can extend the growing season and help plants thrive that might not survive in cooler, shadier areas. Plants that prefer full sun – tomatoes, peppers, and herbs – can do well here.

North-facing Slopes: These areas receive less sunlight and often stay cooler and wetter. North-facing gardens may have a longer winter season, but they can be ideal for plants that prefer cooler conditions, such as leafy greens (spinach, lettuce), root vegetables (carrots, beets), and some types of ferns or moss.

Valleys and Lowlands: Cold air can settle in valleys, creating frost pockets even when surrounding areas are warmer. These areas tend to be more sheltered from the wind, but they can also be prone to late spring frosts or early autumn freezes. Gardeners in these areas often must wait longer to plant or use from

Ridges and Mountain Tops: High ridges and mountaintops are exposed to harsher winds and cooler temperatures. The growing season here may be much shorter, and gardeners may have to be strategic with plant selection. However, the open air and abundant sunlight can benefit certain crops that need a lot of light, like some berry varieties.

So, there you have it! Sometimes it is not about how good your green thumb is but choosing the right plant for the right microclimate.

Happy Gardening!